What Is Endometriosis?

Endometriosis occurs when the tissue that lines the inside of your uterus (which you shed during your period) grows outside the uterus. This tissue can implant on other organs like your bladder, bowel, or ovaries.

Because this tissue still responds to your menstrual cycle, it bleeds each month, even though it’s outside the uterus. This bleeding causes inflammation and pain.

Symptoms of Endometriosis

Here are some common signs:

• Severe menstrual cramps that don’t improve with pain medications or heating pads.

• Painful bowel movements during your period.

• GI issues, like bloating and constipation, especially around your menstrual cycle.

If these symptoms sound familiar, it might be worth discussing them with your doctor.

Diagnosing Endometriosis

Currently, the only way to definitively diagnose endometriosis is through surgery (laparoscopy). This involves taking a small tissue sample and examining it under a microscope.

However, not every patient suspected of having endometriosis will need surgery. If symptoms are present, your doctor might first suggest a trial of hormonal therapy, usually in the form of birth control pills. These hormones help to reduce inflammation by making the ovaries less active.

Imaging for Endometriosis

If symptoms are concerning, your doctor might order an ultrasound, either transvaginal (through the vagina) or transabdominal (over the belly).

Sometimes, they might find a type of cyst called a chocolate cyst (endometrioma), which is filled with blood and is associated with endometriosis.

When Surgery Is Necessary

If your symptoms are severe enough to wake you up at night, your doctor may suggest a laparoscopy to look inside your abdomen with a tiny camera. During surgery, they can remove cysts and any visible endometriosis tissue while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible.

Managing Endometriosis After Diagnosis
Once diagnosed, your doctor may recommend:

• Hormonal therapy to reduce pain and inflammation.

• Referring you to a reproductive endocrinologist if you’re trying to get pregnant since endometriosis can cause infertility due to scarring in the fallopian tubes.

Lifestyle Changes That Can Help

From personal experience, making changes to your lifestyle can make a big difference. Here are a few tips:

• Diet: Try reducing inflammation by following a gluten-free diet.

• Exercise: Staying active can help. High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) or even just regular exercise 3 times a week can be beneficial.

• Focus on living a healthy, active lifestyle to help manage symptoms.

Final Thoughts

Endometriosis can feel overwhelming, but remember, you’re not alone. Your healthcare team is here to help answer your questions and guide you through your treatment options. Don’t hesitate to reach out for support or more information.